Introduction Abnormal findings on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and
electroretinography (ERG) have been reported in participants with schizophrenia spectrum …

Background Inner retinal atrophy has been demonstrated in schizophrenia spectrum
disorder (SSD) using optical coherence tomography (OCT). This systematic review and meta …

Schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are characterized by major symptomatic,
cognitive, and neuroanatomical changes. Recent studies have used optical coherence …

Background Several studies have suggested that the retina structure is affected in
schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). We aimed to investigate the location and size of …

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the retinovascular structure of schizophrenia
patients using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods: 47 eyes of …

Background Electroretinographic dysfunction is observed in psychosis, with a-wave and b-
wave amplitudes potentially serving as biomarkers. Insulin resistance (IR) and childhood …

For decades, noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS), such as transcranial electrical
stimulation (tES), has been used to directly modulate human brain mechanisms of visual …

The identification of structural retinal layer differences between patients diagnosed with
certain psychiatric disorders and healthy controls has provided a potentially promising route …

Visual pathway alterations have been identified in schizophrenia spectrum disorders
(SSDs). While most imaging findings in SSDs have focused on structural or …

Introduction: Schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are neurodegenerative
psychiatric disorders characterized by psychosis, cognitive impairment, and grey-and white …