Behavioral and neurobiological mechanisms of pavlovian and instrumental extinction learning
This article reviews the behavioral neuroscience of extinction, the phenomenon in which a
behavior that has been acquired through Pavlovian or instrumental (operant) learning …
behavior that has been acquired through Pavlovian or instrumental (operant) learning …
Why are women so vulnerable to anxiety, trauma-related and stress-related disorders? The potential role of sex hormones
Increased prevalence, severity, and burden of anxiety, trauma-related and stress-related
disorders in women compared with men has been well documented. Evidence from a variety …
disorders in women compared with men has been well documented. Evidence from a variety …
Sex differences in anxiety-like behaviors in rats
JL Scholl, A Afzal, LC Fox, MJ Watt, GL Forster - Physiology & behavior, 2019 - Elsevier
The use of animal models for behavioral and pharmaceutical testing is employed in many
different fields of research but often relies solely on male animals. When females are …
different fields of research but often relies solely on male animals. When females are …
Sex differences in fear extinction
Despite the exponential increase in fear research during the last years, few studies have
included female subjects in their design. The need to include females arises from the …
included female subjects in their design. The need to include females arises from the …
The neurobiological basis of sex differences in learned fear and its inhibition
HLL Day, CW Stevenson - European Journal of Neuroscience, 2020 - Wiley Online Library
Learning that certain cues or environments predict threat enhances survival by promoting
appropriate fear and the resulting defensive responses. Adapting to changing stimulus …
appropriate fear and the resulting defensive responses. Adapting to changing stimulus …
Mechanisms of sex differences in fear and posttraumatic stress disorder
TS Ramikie, KJ Ressler - Biological psychiatry, 2018 - Elsevier
Following sexual maturity, females disproportionately have higher rates of posttraumatic
stress disorder (PTSD) and experience greater symptom severity and chronicity as …
stress disorder (PTSD) and experience greater symptom severity and chronicity as …
Risk for midlife psychosis in women: critical gaps and opportunities in exploring perimenopause and ovarian hormones as mechanisms of risk
Women show a heightened risk for psychosis in midlife that is not observed in men. The
menopausal transition (ie perimenopause) and accompanying changes in ovarian …
menopausal transition (ie perimenopause) and accompanying changes in ovarian …
Perspectives on fear generalization and its implications for emotional disorders
Although generalization to conditioned stimuli is not a new phenomenon, renewed interest
in understanding its biological underpinning has stemmed from its association with a …
in understanding its biological underpinning has stemmed from its association with a …
Estrogen, progesterone, and the menstrual cycle: A systematic review of fear learning, intrusive memories, and PTSD
NM Garcia, RS Walker, LA Zoellner - Clinical psychology review, 2018 - Elsevier
Women are disproportionately affected by posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and
gonadal hormones are implicated in fear learning processes associated with PTSD. In …
gonadal hormones are implicated in fear learning processes associated with PTSD. In …
Hormonal cycles, brain network connectivity, and windows of vulnerability to affective disorder
JM Andreano, A Touroutoglou, B Dickerson… - Trends in …, 2018 - cell.com
The rate of affective disorder is substantially higher in women than in men, and considerable
evidence points to the actions of ovarian hormones in mediating this disparity. In this …
evidence points to the actions of ovarian hormones in mediating this disparity. In this …