Background: Limb muscle dysfunction is prevalent in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) and it has important clinical implications, such as reduced exercise tolerance …

In patients with pulmonary disease, disease severity and prognosis are determined not only
by lung function impairment (1, 2). In patients with mild, moderate, or severe disease …

It is commonly held that the respiratory system has ample capacity relative to the demand for
maximal O2 and CO2 transport in healthy humans exercising near sea level. However, this …

The effects of endurance training on exercise capacity and health-related quality of life
(HRQL) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients have been studied …

Molecular oxygen (O2) is a vital element in human survival and plays a major role in a
diverse range of biological and physiological processes. Although normobaric hyperoxia …

A central debate in the exercise sciences is the cause of the fatigue that develops especially
during high intensity exercise of short duration. The most popular theory holds that this form …

Dyspnea and activity limitation are the primary symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease and progress relentlessly as the disease advances. In COPD, dyspnea is …

BACKGROUND Enzymatic and histochemical abnormalities of the peripheral muscle may
play a role in exercise intolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease …

To determine whether conditions for O2 utilization and O2 off-loading from the hemoglobin
are different in exercising arms and legs, six cross-country skiers participated in this study …

Study objectives: To investigate the response to interval exercise (IE) training by looking at
changes in morphologic and biochemical characteristics of the vastus lateralis muscle, and …