Dynamical changes in protein structures are essential for protein function and occur over
femtoseconds to seconds timescales. X‐ray free electron lasers have facilitated …

Relevant events during protein function such as ligand binding/release and interaction with
substrates or with light are often accompanied by out-of-equilibrium structural dynamics …

Over the last decades, photoreceptive proteins were extensively studied with biophysical
methods to gain a fundamental understanding of their working mechanisms and further …

Phytochromes are photoreceptor proteins that transmit a light signal from a photosensory
region to an output domain. Photoconversion involves protein conformational changes …

Phytochromes, found in plants, fungi, and bacteria, exploit light as a source of information to
control physiological processes via photoswitching between two states of different …

Bacterial phytochromes are sensoric photoreceptors that transform light absorbed by the
photosensor core module (PCM) to protein structural changes that eventually lead to the …

Phytochromes are biological photoreceptors found in all kingdoms of life. Numerous
physicochemical and spectroscopic studies of phytochromes have been carried out for many …

Due to the recent advances in X-ray free electron laser techniques, bilin-containing
cyanobacteriochrome photoreceptors have become prime targets for the ever-expanding …

Phytochrome B (phyB) is a plant photoreceptor protein that regulates various
photomorphogenic responses to optimize plant growth and development. PhyB exists in two …

The photoisomerization mechanism of the chromophore of bacterial biliverdin (BV)
phytochromes is explored via nonadiabatic dynamics simulation by using the on-the-fly …