Recent developments have prompted the transition of empirically based testing of late stage
toxicity in animals for a range of different endpoints including neurotoxicity to more efficient …

Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are particularly frequent as diseases of the nervous
system. In the pediatric neurologic presentations of IEMs neurodevelopment is constantly …

Structural and transcriptional changes during early brain maturation follow fixed
developmental programs defined by genetics. However, whether this is true for functional …

Multiple non-animal-based test methods have never been formally validated. In order to use
such new approach methods (NAMs) in a regulatory context, criteria to define their …

Altered dendritic morphology is common in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), many of
which show sex biases in prevalence, onset and/or severity. However, whether dendritic …

In vitro neuronal models have become an important tool to study healthy and diseased
neuronal circuits. The growing interest of neuroscientists to explore the dynamics of …

For implantable neural interfaces, functional/clinical outcomes are challenged by limitations
in specificity and stability of inorganic microelectrodes. A biological intermediary between …

Abstract Linoleic acid (LA, 18: 2n-6) is an essential nutrient for optimal infant growth and
brain development. The effects of LA in the brain are thought to be mediated by oxygenated …

Aim β-asarone, an active component of Acori graminei rhizome, has been reported to have
neuroprotective effects in Alzheimer's disease. As the underlying mechanism is not known …

Epileptic encephalopathies are severe disorders emerging in the first days to years of life
that commonly include refractory seizures, various types of movement disorders, and …