Background Retear after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) consistently challenges
medical staff and patients, and the incidence of retear after surgery is 10-94%. The purpose …

The biomechanics of the shoulder relies on careful balancing between stability and mobility.
A thorough understanding of normal and degenerative shoulder anatomy is necessary, as …

The stability of the glenohumeral joint depends on soft tissue stabilizers, bone morphology
and dynamic stabilizers such as the rotator cuff and long head of the biceps tendon …

Purpose The aim of this review is to summarise tear pattern classification and management
options for massive rotator cuff tears (MRCT), as well as to propose a treatment paradigm for …

Purpose To investigate whether arthroscopic lateral acromioplasty reliably decreases the
critical shoulder angle (CSA) and whether it is associated with damage to the deltoid or …

Hypothesis The critical shoulder angle (CSA) could be responsible for cuff tears and
concentric osteoarthritis. We aimed to assess this association when potential confounding …

Background Accurate assessment of the critical shoulder angle (CSA) is important in clinical
evaluation of degenerative rotator cuff tears. This study analyzed the influence of …

Background No evaluation has been done on the relationship of the critical shoulder angle
(CSA) with retear after rotator cuff repair. Our purpose was to evaluate whether a higher CSA …

Background The critical shoulder angle (CSA) has been reported to be associated with
rotator cuff disease and has been suggested as an etiology for cuff tears. However, it is …

Background: The critical shoulder angle (CSA) is the angle created between the superior
and inferior bone margins of the glenoid and the most lateral border of the acromion. A few …