A diverse array of sex determination (SD) mechanisms, encompassing environmental to
genetic, have been found to exist among vertebrates, covering a spectrum from fixed SD …

Highlights•Sex development depends on spatio-temporal sequence & coordination of
mutually antagonistic activating & repressing factors.•Disorders of sex development can be …

Sex-specific gonadal development starts with formation of the bipotential gonad, which then
differentiates into either a mature testis or an ovary. This process is dependent on activation …

Context A disturbed process of gonadal formation and maintenance may result in testicular
dysgenesis syndrome or disorders of sex development (DSDs), with an increased germ cell …

Xiang pig (XP) is one of the best-known indigenous pig breeds in China, which is
characterized by its small body size, strong disease resistance, high adaptability, favorite …

Many aspects of pituitary development have become better understood in the past two
decades. The signaling pathways regulating pituitary growth and shape have emerged, and …

Foxl2 is a member of the large family of Forkhead Box (Fox) domain transcription factors. It
emerged during the last 15 years as a key player in ovarian differentiation and oogenesis in …

The precise timing and sequence of changes in expression of key genes and proteins
during human sex-differentiation and onset of steroidogenesis was evaluated by whole …

The chromosomal sex of the embryo is established at fertilization. However, 6 weeks elapse
in humans before the first signs of sex differentiation are noticed. Sex differentiation involves …

Sex determination and differentiation are processes by which a bipotential gonad adopts
either a testicular or ovarian cell fate, and secondary sexual characteristics adopt either …