Blockchain is a decentralised database, encrypted tamperproof digital ledger technology
that allows all network participants to trust each other and interact. This trust is initiated due …

The relationship between coffee quality and sustainability is typically analysed using
symbolic quality attributes, not material quality. This article provides a bottom‐up perspective …

Purpose This study aims to improve our understanding of side selling in farmer
cooperatives. Cooperative member side selling, in which farmers divert produce from …

In the 21st century the importance of global value chains continues to grow. There is a
scientific gap in the research on the relationship between countries' energy indicators and …

Purpose In developing countries, local buyers often rely on relational contracting based on
reciprocity and trust. This paper analyzes relational contracting and global value chain …

Burundi faces low access to electricity and low quality of service. It depends on the
interconnected networks constructed in the decade of 1980. Despite the different reforms …

Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, global value chains are under threat. Thus, the analysis of
the pandemic impact on GVCs is important. Based on the analysis of the APEC main …

This paper exploits exogenous variation in Burundi's latest episode of civil war violence to
estimate the causal impact of exposure to violence and the probability of growing coffee …

This paper analyzes the global value chains (GVC) of the coffee industry, particularly in the
emerging economies of Vietnam, Colombia, and Brazil, which are the largest producers and …

This study examines the crowding out of informal institutions after the introduction of
formalized collective action in isolated and subsistence-oriented regions, using the case of …