Background The misuse of codeine is of increasing concern in a number of countries,
particularly as this relates to over-the-counter pain and cough relief medication, and is also …

Background: Codeine misuse and dependence poses a clinical and public health
challenge. However, little is known about dependence and treatment needs in the UK and …

Objectives To investigate the views and experiences of people who use codeine in order to
describe the 'risk environment'capable of producing and reducing harm. Design This was a …

Purpose To investigate the prevalence of non-medical use (NMU) of codeine in Germany,
Italy, Spain and the UK and whether availability of OTC codeine has any association with …

Objectives To explore prescribing practitioners' perspectives on prescribed codeine use,
their ability to identify dependence and their options for treatment in the UK. Design Cross …

Background. General practitioners are referring patients with codeine-related problems to
specialist treatment facilities, but little is known about the addiction treatment providers, the …

Background: Misuse of codeine available on prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) has
been highlighted as a potential problem in South Africa. Objective: To examine the …

Background Dependence to prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs represents an
increasing public health and clinical problem both in England and internationally. However …

Abstract In Saudi Arabia, there are concerning rates of non-compliance with pharmaceutical
regulations prohibiting the pharmacy dispensing of prescription-only medications without a …

Background Codeine has been long used as an antitussive drug in several countries.
However, a prescription pattern of codeine, such as dose or treatment duration, has not …