Randomization inference or permutation tests are only sporadically used in economics and
other social sciences—this despite a steep increase in randomization in field and laboratory …

Propensity score matching is a tool for causal inference in non-randomized studies that
allows for conditioning on large sets of covariates. The use of propensity scores in the social …

Uplift modeling is an approach for estimating the incremental effect of an action or treatment
at the individual level. It has gained attention in the marketing and analytics communities …

Accelerating ecosystem degradation has spurred proposals to vastly expand the extent of
protected areas (PAs), potentially affecting the livelihoods and well-being of indigenous …

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to provide the reader with a conceptual and practical
introduction to propensity scores, matching using propensity scores, and its implementation …

Background Research suggests that suicidal behavior in individuals with anxiety disorders
is attributable to cooccurring risk factors, such as depression. We argue that these …

A key assumption of audience costs theories of crisis bargaining and international
cooperation is that audience members have strong preferences for consistency between …

Earth's wilderness areas are reservoirs of genetic information and carbon storage systems,
and are vital to reducing extinction risks. Retaining the conservation value of these areas is …

This research investigates how shopping on a weekday or a weekend moderates the impact
of music on supermarket sales. Contrary to the intuitive beliefs of interviewed store …

Sorafenib is the only chemotherapeutic approved for treatment of advanced hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC). However, its effectiveness in patients with Child‐Pugh class B cirrhosis …