Background Although mortality due to critical illness has fallen over decades, the number of
patients with long-term functional disabilities has increased, leading to impaired quality of …

Introduction Gut permeability is increased in critically ill patients, and associated with the
development of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple organ …

Following the new ESPEN Standard Operating Procedures, the previous guidelines to
provide best medical nutritional therapy to critically ill patients have been updated. These …

Acute kidney disease (AKD)-which includes acute kidney injury (AKI)–and chronic kidney
disease (CKD) are highly prevalent among hospitalized patients, including those in …

Background Whether the route of early feeding affects outcomes of patients with severe
critical illnesses is controversial. We hypothesised that outcomes were better with early first …

Purpose We assessed the effects of early goal-directed nutrition (EGDN) vs. standard
nutritional care in adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Methods We randomised acutely …

Background Disease-related malnutrition in polymorbid medical inpatients is a highly
prevalent syndrome associated with significantly increased morbidity, disability, short-and …

Objectives: To develop evidence-based recommendations for clinicians caring for adults
with acute or acute on chronic liver failure in the ICU. Design: The guideline panel …

Critical illness is a hypercatabolic state. It has been hypothesized that timely and adequate
nutrition support may optimize the host response and thereby minimize nutritionally related …

Purpose The objectives of this review are to summarize the current practices and major
recent advances in critical care nutrition and metabolism, review common beliefs that have …