Wild animals are used in scientific research in a wide variety of contexts both in situ and ex
situ. Guidelines for best practice, where they exist, are not always clearly linked to animal …

Most in vivo models of ischaemic stroke target the middle cerebral artery and a spectrum of
stroke severities, from mild to substantial, can be achieved. This review describes …

The National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement, and Reduction of Animals in
Research (NC3Rs) is an independent scientific organization that is based in the United …

The first comprehensive single-source reference on the minipig, this accessible manual
provides a resource for research scientists on the potential and use of the minipig as a …

Using animal models, the gut microbiota has been shown to play a critical role in the health
and disease of many organ systems. Unfortunately, animal model studies often lack …

This opinion, produced upon a request from the European Commission, focuses on
transport of domestic birds and rabbits in containers (eg any crate, box, receptacle or other …

Low replicability of animal experiments is perceived as a major hurdle in the field of
biomedicine. Attempts to enhance the replicability and to reduce the variability in basic …

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition triggered by experiencing
or witnessing a terrifying event that can lead to lifelong burden that increases mortality and …

This study aimed to assess the time needed by rats, which had not been previously
transported, to acclimatize to a new environment after 5 h of van transport, using …

Abstract Although Sprague Dawley outbred rats are commonly used in behavioral,
physiological, and pharmacological studies, dramatic differences in responses may emerge …