Psychiatric disorders encompass complex aberrations of cognition and affect and are
among the most debilitating and poorly understood of any medical condition. Current …

Substance use disorders occur commonly in patients with schizophrenia and dramatically
worsen their overall clinical course. While the exact mechanisms contributing to substance …

Importance Abnormal reward processing is suggested to underlie the formation of psychotic
symptoms, likely driven by elevated ventral striatal (VS) dopamine levels. Functional …

We propose that schizophrenia involves a combination of decreased phasic dopamine
responses for relevant stimuli and increased spontaneous phasic dopamine release. Using …

Control of thought and behavior is fundamental to human intelligence. Evidence suggests a
frontoparietal brain network implements such cognitive control across diverse contexts. We …

Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) provides novel insights into variabilities in neural
networks associated with the use of addictive drugs or with addictive behavioral repertoire …

Dual system theories suggest that behavioral control is parsed between a deliberative
“model-based” and a more reflexive “model-free” system. A balance of control exerted by …

Subjects with schizophrenia are impaired at reinforcement-driven reversal learning from as
early as their first episode. The neurobiological basis of this deficit is unknown. We obtained …

Importance Climate change, pollution, urbanization, socioeconomic inequality, and
psychosocial effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have caused massive changes in …

Learning occurs when an outcome differs from expectations, generating a reward prediction
error signal (RPE). The RPE signal has been hypothesized to simultaneously embody the …