Highlights•Epitope vaccines provide maximal therapeutic efficacy with minimal side
effects.•Reverse vaccinology can be used for designing epitope vaccines.•Computational …

The use of vaccines have resulted in a remarkable improvement in global health. It has
saved several lives, reduced treatment costs and raised the quality of animal and human …

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an opportunistic pathogen and
responsible for causing life-threatening infections. The emergence of hypervirulent and …

Moraxella catarrhalis (M. catarrhalis) is a gram-negative bacterium, responsible for major
respiratory tract and middle ear infection in infants and adults. The recent emergence of the …

Background. Coronaviruses (CoVs) are enveloped positive‐strand RNA viruses which have
club‐like spikes at the surface with a unique replication process. Coronaviruses are …

Monkeypox virus (mpox virus) outbreak has rapidly spread to 82 non-endemic countries.
Although it primarily causes skin lesions, secondary complications and high mortality (1 …

There has been progressive improvement in immunoinformatics approaches for epitope-
based peptide design. Computational-based immune-informatics approaches were applied …

The swift emergence of antibiotic resistance (AR) in bacterial pathogens to make themselves
adaptable to changing environments has become an alarming health issue. To prevent AR …

Typhoid fever is caused by a pathogenic, rod-shaped, flagellated, and Gram-negative
bacterium known as Salmonella Typhi. It features a polysaccharide capsule that acts as a …

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a significant causative agent of community-acquired
pneumonia, causing acute inflammation in the upper and lower respiratory tract as well as …