Mechanical refining is widely used in the pulp and paper industry to enhance the end-use
properties of products by creating external fibrillation and internal delamination. This …

Paper and paper board (PPB) products represent one the largest fractions of municipal solid
waste. PPB are mainly composed of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose (lignocellulose) …

Old corrugated containers with low recyclability were used as raw materials to synthesize a
series of aerogels with varying cellulose concentrations in NaOH/urea solution via a freeze …

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) with a high degree of substitution (DS) was prepared from
hardwood bleached pulp by a novel method. In this method, pulp was refined in PFI mill …

A fundamental goal of second generation ethanol production is to increase the ethanol
concentration to 10%(v/v) or more to optimise distillation costs. Semi simultaneous …

This study investigated the effectiveness of mechanical refining to overcome the biomass
recalcitrance barrier. Laboratory scale refining was conducted via PFI mill and valley beater …

Because paper sludge discharged from the waste paper recycling process contains high
levels of lignin and ash, it is not hydrolyzed effectively during anaerobic digestion. In this …

The effects of temperature and substrate size on the biochemical methane potential (BMP)
assay were tested using eight municipal solid waste components. Two sample sizes were …

Removal of enzyme inhibitors released during lignocellulose pretreatment is essential for
economically feasible biofuel production. We tested bio-abatement to mitigate enzyme …

Waste wheat straw (WWS) is the waste product from feedstock preparation process in a
straw pulp mill. It has a significant annual production rate and no commercial value has …