Anxiety is experienced in response to threats that are distal or uncertain, involving changes
in one's subjective state, autonomic responses, and behavior. Defensive and physiologic …

Context is widely regarded as a major determinant of learning and memory across
numerous domains, including classical and instrumental conditioning, episodic memory …

Importance Computational psychiatry studies have investigated how reinforcement learning
may be different in individuals with mood and anxiety disorders compared with control …

The so-called 'replicability crisis' has sparked methodological discussions in many areas of
science in general, and in psychology in particular. This has led to recent endeavours to …

Insistence on sameness and intolerance of change are among the diagnostic criteria for
autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but little research has addressed how people with ASD …

'How Emotions Are Made did what all great books do. It took a subject I thought I understood
and turned my understanding upside down'–Malcolm Gladwell, author of The Tipping Point …

This review aims to synthesise a large pre-clinical and clinical literature related to a
hypothesised role of the locus coeruleus norepinephrine system in responses to acute and …

Fear and anxiety play a central role in mammalian life, and there is considerable interest in
clarifying their nature, identifying their biological underpinnings, and determining their …

Arousal may be understood on a spectrum, with excessive sleepiness, cognitive dysfunction,
and inattention on one side, a wakeful state in the middle, and hypervigilance, panic, and …

Pupillometry has long been used as a measure of brain state. Changes in pupil diameter are
thought to coincide with the activity of neuromodulators, including noradrenaline and …