The protonation state of soluble and membrane-associated macromolecules dictates their
charge, conformation, and functional activity. In addition, protons (H+ or their equivalents) …

Osteopetrosis is a genetic condition of increased bone mass, which is caused by defects in
osteoclast formation and function. Both autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant forms …

Transmembrane ATPases are membrane-bound enzyme complexes and ion transporters
that can be divided into F-, V-, and A-ATPases according to their structure. The V-ATPases …

The vacuolar ATPases (V-ATPases) are a family of proton pumps that couple ATP hydrolysis
to proton transport into intracellular compartments and across the plasma membrane. They …

The acidity of intracellular compartments and the extracellular environment is crucial to
various cellular processes, including membrane trafficking, protein degradation, bone …

The pH of intracellular compartments in eukaryotic cells is a carefully controlled parameter
that affects many cellular processes, including intracellular membrane transport …

It was nearly 30 years before the V-type H+ ATPase was admitted to the small circle of bona
fide transport ATPases alongside F-type and P-type ATPases. The V-type H+ ATPase is an …

The vacuolar (H+)-ATPases are ATP-dependent proton pumps that acidify intracellular
compartments and, in some cases, transport protons across the plasma membrane of …

ABSTRACT The vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) has long been appreciated to function as
an electrogenic H+ pump. By altering the pH of intracellular compartments, the V-ATPase …

Abstract The vacuolar H+-ATPases (V-ATPases) are essential, ATP-dependent proton
pumps present in a variety of eukaryotic cellular membranes. Intracellularly, V-ATPase …