Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as additive manufacturing, permits the fabrication
of fully customized objects with a high level of geometrical complexity at reduced fabrication …

One strategy that has gained much attention in the last decades is the understanding and
further mimicking of structures and behaviours found in nature, as inspiration to develop …

Shape memory hydrogels have promising applications in a wide variety of fields. Here we
report the facile fabrication of a novel type of shape memory hydrogels physically cross …

High shape fixity, shape recovery, and prolonged shape memory cycle life are desirable
aspects of 4D printed parts; however, the durability of 4D printed parts is rarely investigated …

With the additional dimension, 4D printing is emerging as a novel technique to enable
configuration switching in 3D printed items. In this paper, four major approaches, namely self …

A novel water-induced shape memory polymer based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was
prepared by introducing graphene oxide (GO). Due to the strong hydrogen bonding …

Hydrogels are known to be soft and wet smart materials that respond to external stimuli.
Numerous hydrogel actuators have been developed that perform volume and shape …

4D printing can be defined as the fabrication of structures using smart materials that allow
the final object to change its shape, properties, or function in response to an external …

Shape memory polymer (SMP), composites and blends need to be prepared to improve the
properties or obtain new functions of SMPs. In this work, we successfully prepared p …

A multifunctional hydrogel derived from carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) and oxidized
hyaluronic acid (OHA), was fabricated by Schiff base reaction between the amino groups of …