Contents Summary 1703 I. Introduction 1703 II. Cellulose biosynthesis 1705 III. Xylan
biosynthesis 1709 IV. Glucomannan biosynthesis 1713 V. Lignin biosynthesis 1714 VI …

The plant cell wall is the first physical and defensive barrier against pathogens. The plant
cell wall usually undergoes dynamic remodeling as an immune response to prevent …

Xylan and cellulose are abundant polysaccharides in vascular plants and essential for
secondary cell wall strength. Acetate or glucuronic acid decorations are exclusively found on …

Highlights•Xylan is a major component of plant biomass.•Xylan is composed of a β-(1, 4)-
linked xylose backbone with various substitutions.•Recently, several new proteins have …

The interaction between xylan and cellulose microfibrils is important for secondary cell wall
properties in vascular plants; however, the molecular arrangement of xylan in the cell wall …

The aim of producing sustainable liquid biofuels and chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass
remains high on the sustainability agenda, but is challenged by the costs of producing …

Xyloglucan (XyG) is a matrix polysaccharide that is present in the cell walls of all land plants.
It consists of a β-1, 4-linked glucan backbone that is further substituted with xylosyl residues …

Recalcitrance of plant biomass to enzymatic hydrolysis for biofuel production is thought to be
a property conferred by lignin or lignin–carbohydrate complexes. However, chemical …

Highlights•Lignocellulosic materials have been engineered with altered lignin to create a
more open wall architecture.•Lignocellulosic materials containing less process inhibitors …

Plant lignocellulosic biomass, ie secondary cell walls of plants, is a vital alternative source
for bioenergy. However, the acetylation of xylan in secondary cell walls impedes the …