This study investigates the membrane and the bipolar plate which are the most important
components of polymer electrolyte membrane/proton exchange membrane fuel cell …

During the past few years, the research interest in fuel cell systems (FCS) has increased
significantly. Thus, this kind of powertrain is now at high Technology Readiness Levels …

In this study, the Bald Eagle Search Algorithm performed hydrogen consumption and battery
cycle optimization of a fuel cell electric vehicle. To save time and cost, the digital vehicle …

In this study, energy-flow experiments are performed on a fuel-cell (FC) hybrid heavy-duty
truck under constant vehicle speeds of 25 and 75 km/h at normal temperature (23° C) and …

At the present time, the critical climate situation has raised awareness about the importance
of developing carbon-free technologies. In this context, fuel cell systems (FCS) have become …

Accurate evaluation of the maximum available energy (MAE) of the lithium battery is crucial
for energy management and optimization in hydrogen-electric hybrid unmanned aerial …

Adaptive energy management strategy (EMS) can adjust the underlying control scheme of
hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) according to different external conditions, thus maintaining …

The combined use of batteries and supercapacitors is an alternative to reconcile the higher
energy density of batteries with the high power density of supercapacitors. The optimal …

The contact pressure between bipolar plates in proton exchange membrane fuel cells
(PEMFCs) is nonlinearly distributed, because of the bolt assembly. This nonlinearity in the …

An algorithm to realistically shorten the test duration of accelerated stress tests based on
driving cycles was developed. This algorithm considers all relevant operation conditions of …