Many physiologic effects of l-glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the
mammalian central nervous system, are mediated via signaling by ionotropic glutamate …

Excitotoxicity is classically defined as the neuronal damage caused by the excessive
release of glutamate, and subsequent activation of excitatory plasma membrane receptors …

The majority of insect olfactory receptors belong to two distinct protein families, the
ionotropic receptors (IRs), which are related to the ionotropic glutamate receptor family, and …

Venomous animals have evolved toxins that interfere with specific components of their
victim's core physiological systems, thereby causing biological dysfunction that aids in prey …

AMPA receptors (AMPARs) are tetrameric ligand-gated channels made up of combinations
of GluA1-4 subunits encoded by GRIA1-4 genes. GluA2 has an especially important role …

Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) are tetrameric ligand-gated ion channels that open
their pores in response to binding of the agonist glutamate,–. An ionic current through a …

Synaptic complexes of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)
receptors (AMPARs) with auxiliary subunits mediate most excitatory neurotransmission and …

Fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the mammalian brain is largely mediated by AMPA‐
type ionotropic glutamate receptors (AMPARs), which are activated by the neurotransmitter …

AMPA receptors are tetrameric glutamate‐gated ion channels that mediate a majority of fast
excitatory neurotransmission in the brain. They exist as calcium‐impermeable (CI‐) and …

This review gives an overview on the development of research on spider venoms with a
focus on structure and function of venom components and techniques of analysis. Major …