The hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA axis) is required for stress adaptation.
Activation of the HPA axis causes secretion of glucocorticoids, which act on multiple organ …

The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, a neuroendocrine network that controls
hormonal responses to internal and external challenges in an organism's environment …

In concert with neuropeptides and transmitters, the end products of the hypothalamus-
pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the glucocorticoid hormones cortisol and corticosterone …

Glucocorticoid hormones (cortisol and corticosterone-CORT) are the effector hormones of
the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis neuroendocrine system. CORT is a systemic …

Among the methods valuable for assessing spatial learning and memory impairments in
rodents, the Barnes maze (BM) task deserves special attention. It is based on the …

Stress is associated with the onset and severity of several psychiatric disorders that occur
more frequently in women than men, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and …

Although plasma corticosterone is considered the main glucocorticoid involved in regulation
of stress responses in rodents, the presence of plasma cortisol and whether its level can be …

In the forced swim test (FST) rodents progressively show increased episodes of immobility if
immersed in a beaker with water from where escape is not possible. In this test, a compound …

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a major component of the systems that
respond to stress, by coordinating the neuroendocrine and autonomic responses. Tightly …

Salivary cortisol is frequently used as a biomarker of psychological stress. However,
psychobiological mechanisms, which trigger the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis …