Confined fluids and electrolyte solutions in nanopores exhibit rich and surprising physics
and chemistry that impact the mass transport and energy efficiency in many important …

Membrane desalination is a promising technology for addressing the global challenge of
water scarcity by augmenting fresh water supply. Continuous progress in this technology …

Hypersaline brines are of growing environmental concern. While high-salinity desalination
and zero liquid discharge (ZLD) are increasingly attractive treatment options, the high salt …

Seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) is the key technology driving an energy-efficient and
cost-effective desalination process. At the center of this technology are the thin film …

The separation properties of polyamide reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes,
widely applied for desalination and water reuse, are constrained by the permeability …

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a novel class of hybrid materials constructed from
metals ions/ions clusters and organic linkers. Owing to their well-defined porous structures …

Biological membranes can achieve remarkably high permeabilities, while maintaining ideal
selectivities, by relying on well-defined internal nanoscale structures in the form of …

The state-of-the-art of membrane technology is characterized by a number of mature
applications such as sterile filtration, hemodialysis, water purification and gas separation, as …

Membrane separation properties are constrained by a tradeoff relationship between
permeability and selectivity. This tradeoff relationship has been well established for gas …

The emergence of Turing structures is of fundamental importance, and designing these
structures and developing their applications have practical effects in chemistry and biology …