Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are short, mainly positively charged, amphipathic molecules.
AMPs are important effectors of the immune response in insects with a broad spectrum of …

The IMD pathway signaling plays a pivotal role in the Drosophila defense against bacteria.
During the last two decades, significant progress has been made in identifying the …

The emerging arthropod-borne flavivirus Zika virus (ZIKV) is associated with neurological
complications. Innate immunity is essential for the control of virus infection, but the innate …

Insects are infected by a wide array of viruses some of which are insect restricted and
pathogenic, and some of which are transmitted by biting insects to vertebrates. The medical …

The first line of defense against microbial infections in animals is innate immune response
which triggers diverse humoral and cellular activities via signal transduction pathways. Toll …

Highlights•The midgut of mosquito disease vectors contains a diverse microbial flora.•The
microbiota can modulate the mosquito immune response and influence vector competence …

The RNAi pathway confers antiviral immunity in insects. Virus-specific siRNA responses are
amplified via the reverse transcription of viral RNA to viral DNA (vDNA). The nature …

The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is a good model to unravel the molecular mechanisms
of innate immunity and has led to some important discoveries about the sensing and …

Mosquito-borne viral diseases are a major concern of global health and result in significant
economic losses in many countries. As natural vectors, mosquitoes are very permissive to …

Mosquito-borne arboviruses cause serious diseases in humans that are increasingly
becoming public health problems, yet arbovirus infections cause minimal pathology in the …