It is generally accepted that root canal treatment procedures should be confined within the
root canal system. To achieve this objective the canal terminus must be detected accurately …

Introduction Apical constriction has been proposed as the most appropriate apical limit for
the endodontic working length. Despite being the most used, some limitations are attributed …

The most striking disadvantage of most apex locators is that if there are electrolytes in the
canal the meter shows a reading which is too short or sometimes the measurement itself …

The most important advantage of the electronic method is that it can measure the length of
the root canal to the end of the apical foramen, not to the radiographic apex. The most …

Electronic apex locators are frequently used attached to a small size endodontic file;
however, the effect on the measurement of the relative diameters of the file and the root …

Small-diameter hand files are systematically used to determine the initial working length and
to establish patency of the root canal. In wide canals, electronic apex locator accuracy might …

The purpose of this in vitro investigation was to determine whether the presence of sodium
hypochlorite influences the accuracy of the Root ZX electronic apex locator. Forty, extracted …

The aim of this in vitro investigation was to determine the accuracy of 4 different electronic
apex locators (EALs) with 3 different instrument sizes. For this study 146 roots were …

INTRODUCTION: An evaluation was made of the accuracy of the Root ZX apex locator (J.
Morita Corp, Tokyo, Japan) in widened foramina, considering the existing controversy over …

OBJECTIVES: The measurement precision of four electronic apex locators (Root ZX, Morita,
Tokyo, Japan; Endy, Loser, Leverkusen, Germany; Justy II, Hager–Werken, Duisburg …