Skin and skin appendages are vulnerable to injury, requiring rapidly reliable regeneration
methods. In recent years, 3D bioprinting has shown potential for wound repair and …

Papillomaviruses have evolved over many millions of years to propagate themselves at
specific epithelial niches in a range of different host species. This has led to the great …

INTRODUCTION During aging, most organs in mammals become smaller (miniaturize) or
thinner, and their functions and regenerative capability also decline. Histologically, tissue …

Alopecia Areata | New England Journal of Medicine Skip to main content The New England
Journal of Medicine homepage Advanced Search SEARCH SPECIALTIES Cardiology …

Hair is a primary characteristic of mammals, and exerts a wide range of functions including
thermoregulation, physical protection, sensory activity, and social interactions. The hair shaft …

The mammalian hair follicle is a complex 'mini-organ'thought to form only during
development; loss of an adult follicle is considered permanent. However, the possibility that …

Human skin not only functions as a permeation barrier (mainly because of the stratum
corneum layer) but also provides a unique delivery pathway for therapeutic and other active …

In adult skin, stem cells in the hair follicle bulge cyclically regenerate the follicle, whereas a
distinct stem cell population maintains the epidermis. The degree to which all bulge cells …

Human skin consists of a stratified, cellular epidermis and an underlying dermis of
connective tissue [1–5]. The dermal–epidermal junction is undulating in section; ridges of …

The breakthrough of reprogramming human somatic cells was achieved in 2006 by the work
of Yamanaka and Takahashi. From this point, fibroblasts are the most commonly used …