The extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) mitogen-activated protein kinase
(MAPK) signalling pathway regulates many cellular functions, including proliferation …

RAF family kinases were among the first oncoproteins to be described more than 30 years
ago. They primarily act as signalling relays downstream of RAS, and their close ties to …

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are key signaling pathways involved in
the regulation of normal cell proliferation, survival and differentiation. Aberrant regulation of …

The pathway from Ras through Raf and MEK (MAPK and ERK kinase) to ERK/MAPK
(extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase) regulates many …

First identified in the early 1980s as retroviral oncogenes, the Raf proteins have been the
objects of intense research. The discoveries 10 years later that the Raf family members (Raf …

AMPK is an evolutionarily conserved fuel-sensing enzyme that is activated in shortage of
energy and suppressed in its surfeit. AMPK activation stimulates fatty acid oxidation …

The mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase extracellular-signal-regulated kinases (ERKs)
are activated by diverse mechanisms. These include ligation of receptor tyrosine kinases …

Pseudokinases are members of the protein kinase superfamily but signal primarily through
noncatalytic mechanisms. Many pseudokinases contribute to the pathologies of human …

The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway allows cells to interpret external
signals and respond in an appropriate way. Diverse cellular functions, ranging from …

Advances in the generation and interpretation of proteomics data have spurred a transition
from focusing on protein identification to functional analysis. Here we review recent …