Recent years have seen a blossoming of theories about the biological and physical basis of
consciousness. Good theories guide empirical research, allowing us to interpret data …

This paper provides a concise description of the free energy principle, starting from a
formulation of random dynamical systems in terms of a Langevin equation and ending with a …

INTERNATIONAL BESTSELLER A Best Book of 2021—Bloomberg Businessweek; A Best
Science Book of 2021—The Guardian; A Best Science Book of 2021—Financial Times; A …

This review considers computational psychiatry from a particular viewpoint: namely, a
commitment to explaining psychopathology in terms of pathophysiology. It rests on the …

Predictive coding offers a potentially unifying account of cortical function--postulating that the
core function of the brain is to minimize prediction errors with respect to a generative model …

Is virtual reality (VR) already a reality in behavioral health? To answer this question, a meta-
review was conducted to assess the meta-analyses and systematic and narrative reviews …

Hallucinations, perceptions in the absence of objectively identifiable stimuli, illustrate the
constructive nature of perception. Here, we highlight the role of prior beliefs as a critical …

We review a recent shift in conceptions of interoception and its relationship to hierarchical
inference in the brain. The notion of interoceptive inference means that bodily states are …

How is it that thoroughly physical material beings such as ourselves can think, dream, feel,
create and understand ideas, theories and concepts? How does mere matter give rise to all …

Active inference is a mathematical framework which originated in computational
neuroscience as a theory of how the brain implements action, perception and learning …