Opioids produce strong analgesia but their use is limited by a paradoxical hypersensitivity
named opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH) that may be associated to analgesic tolerance. In …

This paper is the 28th consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning
the endogenous opioid system, now spanning over a quarter-century of research. It …

Abstract Purpose of Review The purpose of this review is to evaluate and explain our current
understanding of the clinical use of low-dose naltrexone in the treatment of chronic pain …

This course develops a critical understanding of contemporary psychological approaches to
addiction. Students are introduced to psychological theories of addiction from the fields of …

A Review of Abuse-Deterrent Opioids For Chronic Nonmalignant Pain - PMC Back to Top
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Opioids are broad spectrum analgesics that may be beneficial to alleviate the intense
perception of algesia in patients suffering with pain. They have been one of the most …

Objectives: While opioids temporarily alleviate pain, the overshoot of balancing pain drivers
may increase pain, leading to opioid induced hyperalgesia (OIH). Our goal was to find out …

OBJECTIVES: The paradoxical development of chronic abdominal pain is an
underrecognized side effect of opioid use. Narcotic bowel syndrome (NBS), occurring in only …

Current pharmacologic treatments may provide limited analgesia in fibromyalgia and other
chronic pain disorders. Low-dose naltrexone (LDN) has emerged as a potential analgesic …

Injury to peripheral nerves often leads to abnormal pain states (hyperalgesia, allodynia and
spontaneous pain), which can remain long after the injury heals. Although opioid agonists …