Abstract Hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) in water is a proven carcinogen to different internal
and external organs of the living organisms. There are different human activities …

Extensive industrial activities have led to an increase of the content of chromium in the
environment, which causes serious pollution to the surrounding water, soil and atmosphere …

Developed economies such as the USA and European Union (EU) have classified antimony
as a critical raw material. China leads the global antimony production (67% on an average …

Mineral biotechnological applications, eg, bioleaching and bio-beneficiation, for waste
treatment and resource recovery have invited due attention owing to their economic and eco …

Electrochemical biosensing devices are known for their simple operational procedures, low
fabrication cost, and suitable real-time detection. Despite these advantages, they have …

In the last decade, there has been continuous competition between two methods for
detecting the concentration of dissolved oxygen: amerometric (Clark electrode) and optical …

Coal fly ash (CFA), a waste byproduct of thermal power plants, is a major dust pollution
source and a resource bearing valuable metals, such as Al and Ce. Metal bioleaching from …

There is a growing interest in electronic wastes (e-wastes) recycling for metal recovery
because the fast depletion of worldwide reserves for primary resources is gradually …

Biosurfactants act as a bridge between the air and liquid interface as they are amphiphilic
molecules with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic portions providing them the ability to …

Wastewater pollution of water resources takes a heavy toll on humans and on the
environment. In highly polluted water bodies, self-purification is impaired, as the capacity of …