Rising atmospheric oxygen (O2) levels provided a selective pressure for the evolution of O2‐
dependent micro‐organisms that began with the autotrophic eukaryotes. Since these …

COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 has already infected more than 6. 3 million people
worldwide as of 1st June 2020 and caused a global medical emergency. Healthcare …

Animal and human data indicate pathological afferent signaling emanating from the carotid
body that drives sympathetically mediated elevations in blood pressure in conditions of …

Controlled slow breathing (at 6/min, a rate frequently adopted during yoga practice) can
benefit cardiovascular function, including responses to hypoxia. We tested the neural …

Oxygen deprivation affects human health by modulating system as well as cellular
physiology. Hypoxia generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), causes oxidative stress and …

Opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD) involves decreased sensitivity of ventilatory
control systems to decreased blood levels of oxygen (hypoxia) and elevated levels of carbon …

Scientific theories on the functioning and dysfunction of the human brain require an
understanding of its development—before and after birth and through maturation to …

The carotid body (CB) is a bilateral arterial chemoreceptor located in the carotid artery
bifurcation with an essential role in cardiorespiratory homeostasis. It is composed of highly …

Oxygen (O2) is essential for life and therefore the supply of sufficient O2 to the tissues is a
major physiological challenge. In mammals, a deficit of O2 (hypoxia) triggers rapid …

As oxygen is essential for respiration and metabolism for multicellular organisms on Earth,
its presence may be crucial for the development of a complex biosphere on other planets …