[HTML][HTML] Time-to-digital conversion techniques: A survey of recent developments

J Szyduczyński, D Kościelnik, M Miśkowicz - Measurement, 2023 - Elsevier
Time-to-digital converters (TDCs) are key components of time-mode circuits and enablers for
digital processing of analog signals encoded in time. Since design of time-mode circuits …

Recent developments and design challenges of high-performance ring oscillator CMOS time-to-digital converters

Z Cheng, X Zheng, MJ Deen… - IEEE Transactions on …, 2015 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Time-to-digital converters (TDCs) are increasingly used as building blocks in biomedical
imaging, digital communication, and measurement instrumentation systems. When …

A high-linearity, 17 ps precision time-to-digital converter based on a single-stage vernier delay loop fine interpolation

B Markovic, S Tisa, FA Villa, A Tosi… - IEEE Transactions on …, 2013 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
This paper presents a time-to-digital converter (TDC) architecture capable of reaching high-
precision and high-linearity with moderate area occupation per measurement channel. The …

A 32× 128 SPAD-257 TDC receiver IC for pulsed TOF solid-state 3-D imaging

S Jahromi, JP Jansson, P Keränen… - IEEE Journal of Solid …, 2020 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
A single-chip receiver for pulsed laser direct time-of-flight 3-D imaging applications has
been realized in a 0.35-μm HV CMOS technology. The chip includes a 32× 128 single …

A multichannel high-precision CMOS time-to-digital converter for laser-scanner-based perception systems

JP Jansson, V Koskinen, A Mantyniemi… - IEEE Transactions …, 2012 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
A multichannel time-to-digital converter (TDC) implemented with 0.35-μm complementary
metal-oxide-semiconductor technology that uses a low-frequency crystal as reference and …

A 7.4 ps FPGA-based TDC with a 1024-unit measurement matrix

M Zhang, H Wang, Y Liu - Sensors, 2017 - mdpi.com
In this paper, a high-resolution time-to-digital converter (TDC) based on a field
programmable gate array (FPGA) device is proposed and tested. During the implementation …

An 11 b 7 ps resolution two-step time-to-digital converter with 3-D Vernier space

Y Kim, TW Kim - IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I …, 2014 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
This paper presents a fine-resolution time-to-digital converter (TDC) with a large dynamic
range using a 3-D Vernier space. Despite the wide dynamic range, the required delay cells …

A low-power multichannel time-to-digital converter using all-digital nested delay-locked loops with 50-ps resolution and high throughput for LiDAR sensors

A Hejazi, SJ Oh, MRU Rehman, RE Rad… - IEEE Transactions …, 2020 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
This article presents a low-power, all-digital multichannel time-to-digital converter (TDC) for
light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensors. The proposed TDC architecture measures the …

Solving the compressible Navier-Stokes equations on up to 1.97 million cores and 4.1 trillion grid points

I Bermejo-Moreno, J Bodart, J Larsson… - Proceedings of the …, 2013 - dl.acm.org
We present weak and strong scaling studies as well as performance analyses of the Hybrid
code, a finite-difference solver of the compressible Navier-Stokes equations on structured …

A high linearity TDC with a united-reference fractional counter for LiDAR

W Zhang, R Ma, X Wang, H Zheng… - IEEE Transactions on …, 2021 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
A united-reference fractional counter (URFC) is proposed for multi-level time-to-digital
converters (TDCs) used in direct time-of-flight (dToF) light detection and ranging (LiDAR) …