Objective. The optimal treatment of children with empyema remains controversial. The
purpose of this review was to compare reported results of nonoperative and primary …

Background Pleural empyema is a collection of pus between the lungs and the chest wall.
There is debate about treatment options with the advent of both fibrinolytic enzymes to …

This guideline has assessed available evidence and attempted to gauge consensus opinion
where evidence is unavailable. The lack of paediatric data, in particular from randomised …

Background: Despite increasing incidence and morbidity, little evidence exists to inform the
best management approach in childhood empyema. Aim: To compare chest drain with …

OBJECTIVE. Controversy surrounds the optimal treatment of parapneumonic effusions. This
trial of pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia and associated …

The incidence of empyema complicating community‐acquired pneumonia is increasing and
causes significant childhood morbidity. Pneumococcal infection remains the most common …

Objective: To evaluate feasibility, technical features and results of video-assisted pleural
decortication for empyema thoracis performed in awake patients. Methods: This …

Considerable heterogeneity exists in the management of parapneumonic pleural disease. A
randomized controlled trial (RCT) demonstrated the effectiveness of small‐catheter drainage …

Objectives To analyze the clinical characteristics, microbiological profile, management,
complications and outcome of cases with empyema thoracis. Methods All cases diagnosed …

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: A randomised controlled trial evaluating the role of video-
assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in childhood empyema reported a failure rate of …