Depression is a syndrome of stress-and emotion-dysregulation, involving compromised
structural integrity of frontal-limbic networks. Meta-analytic evidence indicates that volumetric …

Highlights•Physical activity is an effective method of capitalizing on brain plasticity.•Some
brain areas and cognitive domains are more consistently influenced by physical activity than …

Aerobic exercise improves cognitive and motor function by inducing neural changes
detected using molecular, cellular, and systems level neuroscience techniques. This review …

Physical activity (PA) is known to maintain and improve neurocognitive health. However,
there is still a poor understanding of the mechanisms by which PA exerts its effects on the …

In this review, we explore the association among physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness,
and exercise on gray matter volume in older adults. We conclude that higher …

The field of cognitive neuroscience was transformed by the discovery that exercise induces
neurogenesis in the adult brain, with the potential to improve brain health and stave off the …

Executive function declines with age, but engaging in aerobic exercise may attenuate
decline. One mechanism by which aerobic exercise may preserve executive function is …

In general, it is well recognized that both acute physical exercises and regular physical
training influence brain plasticity and cognitive functions positively. However, growing …

Physical activity is associated with improved affective experience and enhanced cognitive
processing. Potential age differences in the degree of benefit, however, are poorly …

The human brain shrinks with advancing age, but recent research suggests that it is also
capable of remarkable plasticity, even in late life. In this review we summarize the research …