Frontal impacts with reclined occupants are rare but severe, and they are anticipated to
become more common with the introduction of vehicles with automated driving capabilities …

Car passengers are frequently sitting in non-nominal postures and are able to perform a
wide range of activities since they are not limited by tasks related to vehicle control, contrary …

A user expectation for future cars is being able to ride in a reclined position, which creates
new challenges for how to protect the occupant in a frontal impact. Existing vehicles are …

The primary objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the postural change
between a normal seating posture and a reclined posture in vehicles by using X-ray to …

Objective Self-driving technology will bring novelty in vehicle interior design and allow for a
wide variety of occupant seating choices. Previous studies have shown that the increased …

Virtual tools, such as human body models (HBMs), can support advances in vehicle
development and restraint system design. The goal of this study is to evaluate selected …

The sensitivity of occupant kinematic and kinetic crash responses to anthropometric and
seat adjustment variation was investigated by performing frontal-and side-impact …

Automated vehicles come with the expectation of new, comfortable seating positions, in
particular with seats moved rearward to increase legroom, and with reclined seatbacks and …

The two objectives are to demonstrate technical feasibility for an advanced 3-point seatbelt
system incorporating double lap belt pre-tensioning and load-limiting and to evaluate its …

Objective The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of axial compression, employed
with a follower-load mechanism, on the response of the lumbar spine in flexion and …