Insulin signalling in the central nervous system regulates energy homeostasis by controlling
metabolism in several organs and by coordinating organ crosstalk. Studies performed in …

Insulin receptors, as well as IGF-1 receptors and their postreceptor signaling partners, are
distributed throughout the brain. Insulin acts on these receptors to modulate peripheral …

The initial discovery that ob/ob mice become obese because of a recessive mutation of the
leptin gene has been crucial to discover the melanocortin pathway to control appetite. In the …

Diabetes and insulin resistance are associated with altered brain imaging, depression, and
increased rates of age-related cognitive impairment. Here we demonstrate that mice with a …

Dopaminergic (DA) signaling governs the control of complex behaviors, and its deregulation
has been implicated in a wide range of diseases. Here we demonstrate that inactivation of …

Leptin is secreted into the bloodstream by adipocytes and is required for the maintenance of
energy homeostasis and body weight. Leptin deficiency or genetic defects in the …

The 'obesity epidemic'represents a major global socioeconomic burden that urgently calls
for a better understanding of the underlying causes of increased weight gain and its …

Thermogenesis, the production of heat energy, is the specific, neurally regulated, metabolic
function of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and contributes to the maintenance of body …

POMC-derived melanocortins inhibit food intake. In the adult rodent brain, POMC-
expressing neurons are located in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and the nucleus tractus …

Summary Interleukin (IL)-6 engages similar signaling mechanisms to leptin. Here, we find
that central application of IL-6 in mice suppresses feeding and improves glucose tolerance …