The concept of cell signaling in the context of nonenzyme-assisted protein modifications by
reactive electrophilic and oxidative species, broadly known as redox signaling, is a uniquely …

Cardiac ATP production primarily depends on oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria
and is dynamically regulated by Ca 2+ levels in the mitochondrial matrix as well as by …

The liver is the largest solid organ in the body and is critical for metabolic and immune
functions. However, little is known about the cells that make up the human liver and its …

Autophagic dysregulation has been suggested in a broad range of neurodegenerative
diseases including age-related macular degeneration (AMD). To test whether the autophagy …

All complex life is composed of eukaryotic (nucleated) cells. The eukaryotic cell arose from
prokaryotes just once in four billion years, and otherwise prokaryotes show no tendency to …

In this review, we discuss the connections between mitochondria and the gut microbiome
provided by reactive oxygen species (ROS). We examine the mitochondrion as an …

Hayes' Principles and Methods of Toxicology has long been established as a reliable and
informative reference for the concepts, methodologies, and assessments integral to …

As illustrated in Fig. 1, there are three distinct modes of entry into the lysosomes. The main
route is by endocytosis, which depends on enclosure within vacuoles derived from …

The recording of oxidation-reduction-related fluorescence signals of oxidized flavoprotein
(Fp) and reduced pyridine nucleotide (PN) from isolated mitochondria at temperatures below …

It is only during the last decade that the functions of sinusoidal endothelial cells, Kupffer
cells, hepatic stellate cells, pit cells and other intrahepatic lymphocytes have been better …