Many enzymes in nature utilize a free arginine (L-Arg) amino acid to initiate the biosynthesis
of natural products. Examples include nitric oxide synthases, which generate NO from L-Arg …

This review summarizes the structures, biochemical properties, and mechanisms of two
major biological sources of ethylene, the ethylene-forming enzyme (EFE) and 1 …

Increasing demands for efficient and versatile chemical reactions have prompted
innovations in enzyme engineering. A major challenge in engineering α-ketoglutarate …

Nitrogen availability is a growth-limiting factor in many habitats, and the global nitrogen
cycle involves prokaryotes and eukaryotes competing for this precious resource. Only some …

Ethylene is an important signaling molecule in plants that triggers the growth of leaves,
flowers, and fruits. One of the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of ethylene is the …

Hyoscyamine 6β-hydroxylase (H6H) is an iron (II)-and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent (Fe/2OG)
oxygenase that produces the prolifically administered antinausea drug, scopolamine. After …

Abstract Hydroxyglutarate synthase (HglS) from Pseudomonas putida is an iron (II)
dependent non-heme oxygenase, which is responsible for the biodegradation of 2 …

Advances in genome sequencing and bioinformatics methods have identified a myriad of
biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) encoding uncharacterized molecules. By mining …

Ethylene-forming enzyme (EFE) is an iron (II)-dependent dioxygenase that fragments 2-
oxoglutarate (2OG) to ethylene (from C3 and C4) and 3 equivs of carbon dioxide (from C1 …

The non-heme Fe (II) and 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) dependent ethylene-forming enzyme (EFE)
catalyzes both ethylene generation and L-Arg hydroxylation. Despite experimental and …