Background Despite the increasing knowledge of the etiology of neuropathic pain, this type
of chronic pain is resistant to available analgesics in approximately 50% of patients and …

Paclitaxel is a chemotherapeutic agent widely used for many types of malignancies.
However, when paclitaxel is used to treat tumors, patients commonly experience severe …

Neuroinflammation is a major component in the transition to and perpetuation of neuropathic
pain states. Spinal neuroinflammation involves activation of TLR4, localized to enlarged …

Intractable neuropathic pain is a frequent consequence of nerve injury or disease. When
peripheral nerves are injured, damaged axons undergo Wallerian degeneration. Schwann …

Depressed mice have lower numbers of microglia in the dentate gyrus (DG). Reversal of this
decline by a single low dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) may have antidepressant effects …

Background Paclitaxel is a widely prescribed chemotherapy drug for treating solid tumors.
However, paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) is a common adverse effect …

Neuropathic pain can result from injury to, or disease of the nervous system. It is notoriously
difficult to treat. Peripheral nerve injury promotes Schwann cell activation and invasion of …

Introduction Microglia is the resident tissue macrophages of the central nervous system.
Prolonged microglial activation often occurs after traumatic brain injury and is associated …

Abstract Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is an excess and/or prolonged pain and
inflammation condition that follows an injury to a limb. The pathogenesis of CRPS is …

Paclitaxel‐induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) is often associated with neuropathic pain
and neuroinflammation in the central and peripheral nervous system. Antihypertensive drug …