Aging is a gradual and irreversible pathophysiological process. It presents with declines in
tissue and cell functions and significant increases in the risks of various aging-related …

Smoking is a major risk factor for a variety of diseases, including cancer and immune-
mediated inflammatory diseases. Tobacco smoke contains a mixture of chemicals, including …

Neutrophils are major effectors and regulators of the immune system. They play critical roles
not only in the eradication of pathogens but also in cancer initiation and progression …

Ferroptosis is a nonapoptotic cell death process that requires cellular iron and the
accumulation of lipid peroxides. In progressive rheumatoid arthritis (RA), synovial fibroblasts …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are complex entities with heterogenous pathophysiologic
mechanisms and increased oxidative stress has been viewed as one of the potential …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are by‐products of normal cell activity. They are produced
in many cellular compartments and play a major role in signaling pathways. Overproduction …

Oxidative stress (OS) has the ability to damage different molecules and cellular structures,
altering the correct function of organs and systems. OS accumulates in the body by …

Background: Cancer is considered a major cause of death worldwide. The etiology of cancer
is linked to environmental and genetic inheritance causes. Approximately 90 percent of all …

Multidrug resistance of the pathogenic microorganisms to the antimicrobial drugs has
become a major impediment toward successful diagnosis and management of infectious …

Nanoparticles (NPs) possess unique physical and chemical properties that make them
appropriate for various applications. The structural alteration of metallic NPs leads to …