Abstract Safety-Critical Java (SCJ) is a novel version of Java that addresses issues related
to real-time programming and certification of safety-critical applications. In this paper, we …

This paper presents a method of formally specifying systems involving continuous variables
and real-time constraints using the object-oriented state-based specification language …

We show how familiar mathematical concepts from differential and integral calculus can be
represented in the Z specification language. Digital computer systems involve hardware …

This paper presents Real-Time Object-Z: an integration of the object-oriented, state-based
specification language Object-Z with the timed trace notation of the timed refinement …

Safety-critical Java (SCJ) is a restriction of the real-time specification for Java to support the
development and certification of safety-critical applications. The SCJ technology …

In the analysis of complex real-time systems, several aspects have to be covered, eg,
behaviour that conforms to communication protocols, rich data structures, and timing …

We present an integration of Z and timed CSP called RT-Z, incorporating the strengths of
both formal languages in a coherent frame. To cope with complex systems, RT-Z is …

Embedded real-time systems consist of a digital controller interacting with its physical
environment. Developing such systems therefore involves specifying and reasoning about …