Waterborne enteric viruses threaten both human and animal health. These pathogens are
host specific and cause a wide range of diseases and symptoms in humans or other …

Foodborne viruses have been recognized as a growing concern to the food industry and a
serious public health problem. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is responsible for the majority of viral …

This comprehensive text provides the reader with both a detailed reference and a unified
course on wastewater treatment. Aimed at scientists and engineers, it deals with the …

Current serologic tests provide the foundation for diagnosis of hepatitis A and hepatitis A
virus (HAV) infection. Recent advances in methods to identify and characterize nucleic acid …

Real-time RT-PCR, combining amplification and detection of virus-specific amplicons, is a
promising tool for norovirus detection in environmental or food samples such as shellfish …

In the present work, we aimed at determining the relationship between the hepatitis A virus
(HAV) numbers in imported frozen coquina clams involved in two hepatitis outbreaks, as …

Following a flooding event close to a shellfish production lagoon, 205 cases of
gastroenteritis were linked to oyster consumption. Twelve stool samples from different …

Infection with hepatitis A virus (HAV) is the commonest viral cause of liver disease and
presents an important public health problem worldwide. Several unique HAV properties and …

An international outbreak linked to oyster consumption involving a group of over 200 people
in Italy and 127 total subjects in 13 smaller clusters in France was analyzed using …

One hundred eighty-four serologically confirmed cases of hepatitis A were reported in
eastern Spain in 1999. A matched case-control study implicated imported coquina clams …