Heavy metal pollution in soil is a global problem with serious impacts on human health and
ecological security. Phytoextraction in phytoremediation, in which plants uptake and …

Heavy metal (HM) stress in plants has received considerable global attention as it threatens
sustainable growth in agriculture worldwide. Hence, desperate efforts have been …

Heavy metal (HM)-mediated toxic effects on plants have attained considerable attention
worldwide as they directly threaten the food supply chain. Although various measures have …

Plants confront multifarious environmental stresses widely divided into abiotic and biotic
stresses, of which heavy metal stress represents one of the most damaging abiotic stresses …

Plant growth and development are critically influenced by unpredictable abiotic factors. To
survive fluctuating changes in their environments, plants have had to develop robust …

Many studies have been conducted to understand plant stress responses to salinity because
irrigation-dependent salt accumulation compromises crop productivity and also to …

The recent rapid climate changes and increasing global population have led to an increased
incidence of abiotic stress and decreased crop productivity. Environmental stresses, such as …

Arsenic (As) contamination and its adverse consequences on rice agroecosystem are well
known. Rice has the credit to feed more than 50% of the world population but concurrently …

Arsenic (As), a chronic poison and non-threshold carcinogen, is a food chain contaminant in
rice, posing yield losses as well as serious health risks. Selenium (Se), a trace element, is a …

Heavy metal concentrations exceeding permissible limits threaten human life, plant life, and
all other life forms. Different natural and anthropogenic activities emit toxic heavy metals in …