The basic principle of adaptive immunity is to strictly discriminate between self and non-self,
and a central challenge to overcome is the enormous variety of pathogens that might be …

Skeletal muscle is one of the most abundant and highly plastic tissues. The ubiquitin–
proteasome system (UPS) is recognised as a major intracellular protein degradation system …

The majority of critically ill intensive care unit (ICU) patients with severe sepsis develop ICU-
acquired weakness (ICUAW) characterized by loss of muscle mass, reduction in myofiber …

Intracellular proteins continuously turn over by degradation and synthesis in all organ
tissues. Owing to its irreversible nature, protein degradation is a highly selective process to …

The ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) is involved in multiple cellular functions including
the regulation of protein homeostasis, major histocompatibility (MHC) class I antigen …

CANDLE syndrome (C hronic A typical N eutrophilic D ermatosis with L ipodystrophy and E
levated temperature) is a rare, genetic autoinflammatory disease due to abnormal …

The very first line of defense in humans is innate immunity, serving as a critical strongpoint in
the regulation of inflammation. Abnormalities of the innate immunity machinery make up a …

The 20S proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase catalysing the degradation of the majority
of intracellular proteins. Thereby it is involved in almost all basic cellular processes, which is …

Type I interferonopathies are characterized by an increase of circulating type I interferon
(IFN) concentration. Type I interferonopathies refer to rare Mendelian genetic disorders such …

The proteasome system degrades more than 80% of intracellular proteins into small
peptides. Accordingly, the proteasome is involved in many essential cellular functions, such …