Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third most common cause of death in
the USA. In 2010, the cost of COPD in the USA was projected to be approximately US …

BACKGROUND: COPD is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States as
well as throughout the rest of the world. An exacerbation of COPD (periodic escalations of …

Background: Current tobacco treatment guidelines have established the efficacy of available
interventions, but they do not provide detailed guidance for common implementation …

Importance Smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have particular
difficulty quitting. Long-term nicotine replacement therapy (LT-NRT) might offer a strategy for …

Background Smoking cessation is the most important treatment for smokers with chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but little is known about the effectiveness of different …

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of
morbidity, mortality, and resource use worldwide. The goal of this Official American Thoracic …

One hundred million deaths were caused by tobacco in the 20th century, and it is estimated
that there will be up to one billion deaths attributed to tobacco use in the 21st century …

Cigarette smoking (CS) can impact the immune system and induce pulmonary disorders
such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is currently the fourth leading …

The measurement of exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) level may provide an immediate, non-
invasive method of assessing smoking status. The aims of this study were to use a portable …

Importance Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of
death in the United States. Objective To systematically review literature on the accuracy of …