Calcium ions generate versatile intracellular signals that control key functions in all types of
neurons. Imaging calcium in neurons is particularly important because calcium signals exert …

Long-term potentiation and long-term depression (LTP/LTD) can be elicited by activating N-
methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-type glutamate receptors, typically by the coincident activity of …

The introduction of high-resolution time lapse imaging and molecular biological tools has
changed dramatically the rate of progress towards the understanding of the complex …

Pyramidal neurons are characterized by their distinct apical and basal dendritic trees and
the pyramidal shape of their soma. They are found in several regions of the CNS and …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by decreased synapse density in hippocampus
and neocortex, and synapse loss is the strongest anatomical correlate of the degree of …

During the last 25 years, neuropathological, biochemical, genetic, cell biological and even
therapeutic studies in humans have all supported the hypothesis that the gradual cerebral …

Small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (SK channels) are widely expressed
throughout the central nervous system. These channels are activated solely by increases in …

Most synaptic inputs are made onto the dendritic tree. Recent work has shown that dendrites
play an active role in transforming synaptic input into neuronal output and in defining the …

N-Methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-dependent synaptic plasticity is a strong candidate
to mediate learning and memory processes that require the hippocampus. This plasticity is …

Hippocampal place cell ensembles form a cognitive map of space during exposure to novel
environments. However, surprisingly little evidence exists to support the idea that synaptic …