Recent studies have shown that the polar bear matriline (mitochondrial DNA) evolved from a
brown bear lineage since the late Pleistocene, potentially indicating rapid speciation and …

Parallel evolution of similar phenotypes provides strong evidence for the operation of natural
selection. Where these phenotypes contribute to reproductive isolation, they further support …

Approximately 20 000 years ago the last glacial maximum (LGM) radically altered the
distributions of many Northern Hemisphere terrestrial organisms. Fewer studies describing …

Patterns of genetic differentiation among taxa at early stages of divergence provide an
opportunity to make inferences about the history of speciation. Here, we conduct a survey of …

Reticulate evolution can be a major driver of diversification into new niches, especially in
disturbed habitats and at the edges of ranges. Industrial fermentation strains of yeast provide …

Ursine bears are a mammalian subfamily that comprises six morphologically and
ecologically distinct extant species. Previous phylogenetic analyses of concatenated nuclear …

Lager-style beers constitute the vast majority of the beer market, and yet, the genetic origin
of the yeast strains that brew them has been shrouded in mystery and controversy. Unlike …

The rate at which genomes diverge during speciation is unknown, as are the physical
dynamics of the process. Here, we compare full genome sequences of 32 butterflies …

Widely distributed taxa provide an opportunity to compare biogeographic responses to
climatic fluctuations on multiple continents and to investigate speciation. We conducted the …

Paleoclimatic and paleogeological events have been identified as being the two main
drivers of genetic structuring in extant organisms. We used a montane stream‐dwelling frog …