The steep rise of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and associated complications go along
with mounting evidence of clinically important sex and gender differences. T2DM is more …

The gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuronal network generates pulse and surge
modes of gonadotropin secretion critical for puberty and fertility. The arcuate nucleus …

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the main cause of female infertility worldwide and
corresponds with a high degree of comorbidities and economic burden. How PCOS is …

The pulsatile release of GnRH and LH secretion is essential for fertility in all mammals.
Pulses of LH occur approximately every hour in follicular-phase females and every 2 to 3 …

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive endocrine disease. PCOS
patients are characterized by hyperandrogenemia, anovulation, and metabolic dysfunction …

RA is the most common chronic systemic autoimmune disease, with a higher prevalence in
women, suggesting female hormonal factors play a role in the development of the disease …

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by growth of
kidney cysts and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decline. Metformin was found to impact …

Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is a glycoprotein which regulates bioavailability of
sex steroid hormones. Interest in SHBG has escalated in recent years because of its inverse …

The adult mammalian ovary is devoid of definitive germline stem cells. As such, female
reproductive senescence largely results from the depletion of a finite ovarian follicle pool …

Androgen production by the ovary is an essential requirement for normal cyclical secretion
of estradiol but its physiological role extends to important actions on both preantral and …