Encoded in mammalian cells by 33 genes, the transforming growth factor–β (TGF-β) family
of secreted, homodimeric and heterodimeric proteins controls the differentiation of most, if …

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) together with the Growth and Differentiation Factors
(GDFs) form the largest subgroup of the Transforming Growth Factor (TGF) β family and …

Antibodies targeting immune checkpoints are emerging as potent and viable cancer
therapies, but not all patients respond to these as single agents. Concurrently targeting …

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors have enabled a wide range of applications in
which researchers can monitor biomolecular interactions in real time. Owing to the fact that …

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family ligands are pleiotropic cytokines. Their
physiological activities are not determined by a simple coupling of stimulus and response …

HLA-G is a nonclassical major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) molecule, which is
expressed in trophoblasts and confers immunological tolerance in the maternal-fetal …

The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily is a large group of structurally related
growth factors that play prominent roles in a variety of cellular processes. The importance …

Fibrosis is presented in various physiologic and pathologic conditions of the salivary gland.
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) pathway has a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of …

Transforming growth factors (TGFs) regulate several cellular processes including,
differentiation, growth, migration, extracellular matrix production, and apoptosis. TGF alpha …

A soluble form of endoglin (sEng) is known to be an extracellular domain of the full-length
membrane endoglin, which is elevated during various pathological conditions related to …