Two-component systems (TCS) comprising sensor histidine kinases and response regulator
proteins are among the most important players in bacterial and archaeal signal transduction …

RcsB, a response regulator of the FixJ/NarL family, is at the center of a complex network of
regulatory inputs and outputs. Cell surface stress is sensed by an outer membrane …

Understanding the molecular determinants of specificity in protein–protein interaction is an
outstanding challenge of postgenome biology. The availability of large protein databases …

Two-component signal transduction based on phosphotransfer from a histidine protein
kinase to a response regulator protein is a prevalent strategy for coupling environmental …

Histidine kinases (HKs) are major players in bacterial signaling. There has been an
explosion of new HK crystal structures in the last 5 years. We globally analyze the structures …

Per-ARNT-Sim (PAS) domains serve as versatile sensor and interaction modules in signal
transduction proteins. PAS sensors detect chemical and physical stimuli and regulate the …

Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria have evolved elaborate machinery to
biosynthesize and respond to diverse small-molecule signals. As bacteria grow, these …

Two-component signal transduction systems enable bacteria to sense, respond, and adapt
to a wide range of environments, stressors, and growth conditions. In the prototypical two …

Two-component signal-transducing systems are ubiquitously distributed communication
interfaces in bacteria. They consist of a histidine kinase that senses a specific environmental …

The chief mechanism used by bacteria for sensing their environment is based on two
conserved proteins: a sensor histidine kinase (HK) and an effector response regulator (RR) …